PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.